What is the long-term treatment for posterior urethral valves after temporary catheterization?

• A. Antibiotics
• B. Urethral dilation
• C. Resection of the obstructive membrane
• D. Continuous catheterization

Answer: (C)

Resection of the obstructive membrane is the definitive long-term treatment for posterior urethral valves. This condition is characterized by abnormal membrane formation in the posterior urethra that results in obstruction and can lead to complications such as hydronephrosis and chronic renal failure if not addressed.

After initial management with temporary catheterization to relieve acute obstruction and facilitate urinary drainage, surgical intervention is necessary to remove the obstructive tissue. Resection effectively alleviates the obstruction, allowing normal urinary flow and reducing the risk of renal damage.

Other management strategies, while they may play roles in the short term or in palliative settings, do not address the underlying cause of the obstruction in the long term. For instance, antibiotics may be used to prevent or treat urinary tract infections that can arise due to the obstruction but do not address the physical obstruction itself. Urethral dilation can provide temporary relief but does not eliminate the underlying issue. Continuous catheterization is typically used only as a temporary measure to manage urinary drainage and does not provide a permanent solution to the obstruction caused by the valves.

Therefore, resection of the obstructive membrane is essential for long-term resolution and management of posterior urethral valves.